Prader–Willi+syndrome

====Prader-Willi syndrome is caused by the loss of genes in a specific region of chromosome 15. People normally inherit one copy of this chromosome from each parent. Some genes are active only on the copy that is inherited from a person's father. This parent-specific gene activation is caused by a phenomenon called genomic imprinting. Prader-Willi syndrome occurs when the region of the paternal chromosome 15 containing these genes is missing. ====

====Prader-Willi Syndrome first appeared in the medical literature when endocrinologists Prad er, Labhart, and Willi published a report describing an unusual pattern of abnormalities. These abnormalities included diminished fetal activity, profound poor muscle tone, feeding problems in infancy, underdeveloped sex organs, short stature and retarded bone age, small hands and feet, delayed developmental milestones, characteristic faces, cognitive impairment, onset of gross obesity in early childhood due to insatiable hunger, and a tendency to developdiabetes in adolescence andadulthood when weight was not controlled. Further studies in the late 1960’s followed up on these cases, and added more. Orthopedic, dental and developmental characteristics that could assist in differential diagnosis of this syndrome were identified, and two clearly identifiable phases of the disorder were described as behavioral, personality and medical problems associated with PWS were described in literature in the 1970’s and 80’s. A study published by Greenswag in 1987of 232 individuals with PWS, age 16 and over, indicated that with appropriate nutritional control, the life expectancy of this population could be extended. The study also showed that emotional lability increases with age and is independent of the presence of adult obesity, that psychosocial adaptation to adulthood requires special management, and that the presence of PWS has a profound impact on family life. ====
 * ==== Reduced fetal movement ====
 * ==== Extreme flexibility ====
 * ==== Delayed puberity ====
 * ==== Obesity ====
 * ==== Poor physical coordination ====
 * ==== Hypotonia﻿ ====
 * ==== Undescended testicles in the male infant ====
 * ==== Slow mental developement ====
 * ==== Very small hands and feet compared to body ====
 * ==== Almond-shaped eyes ====
 * ==== Insatiable appetite, food craving ====

====Prader-Willi syndrome can be treated. Treatments are aimed at reducing the symptoms. Common treatments include change of diet, weight management, injection of hormones and in some cases, surgery to descend the undescended testicle. ====